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Part 9 >

Current Knights and Dames Grand Cross

Sovereign: Queen Elizabeth II
Grand Master: Charles, Prince of Wales

Knights and Dames Grand Cross

Military rank (if any) Name Post-nominals Year appointed

Air Chief Marshal Sir David Evans GCB CBE 1979

The Lord Armstrong of Ilminster GCB CVO 1983

Marshal of the Royal Air Force The Lord Craig of Radley GCB OBE 1984

General Sir George Cooper GCB MC DL 1984

Marshal of the Royal Air Force Sir Peter Harding GCB 1988

Field Marshal Sir John Chapple GCB CBE 1988

Sir Clive Whitmore GCB CVO 1988

Sir Peter Middleton GCB 1989

Air Chief Marshal Sir Patrick Hine GCB GBE 1989

Sir William Heseltine GCB GCVO AC QSO PC 1990

Admiral of the Fleet Sir Benjamin Bathurst GCB DL 1991

Air Chief Marshal Sir David Parry-Evans GCB CBE 1991

Field Marshal The Lord Inge KG GCB PC DL 1992

Sir Terence Heiser GCB 1992

Admiral Sir Jock Slater GCB LVO DL 1992

The Lord Butler of Brockwell KG GCB CVO PC 1992

Air Chief Marshal Sir Michael Graydon GCB CBE 1993

General The Lord Ramsbotham GCB CBE 1993

Field Marshal The Lord Guthrie of Craigiebank GCB GCVO OBE DL 1994

General Sir John Waters GCB CBE 1994

Air Chief Marshal Sir Michael Alcock GCB KBE 1995

The Lord Burns GCB 1995

Air Chief Marshal Sir Richard Johns GCB KCVO CBE 1997

General Sir Roger Wheeler GCB CBE 1997

Sir Anthony Battishill GCB 1997

The Lord Fellowes GCB GCVO QSO PC 1998

Rt Hon. Sir John Chilcot GCB PC 1998

Admiral of the Fleet The Lord Boyce KG GCB OBE 1999

Field Marshal The Lord Walker of Aldringham GCB CMG CBE DL 1999

General Sir Jeremy Mackenzie GCB OBE DL 1999

Sir Nigel Wicks GCB CVO CBE 1999

The Lord Wilson of Dinton GCB 2001

Admiral Sir Nigel Essenhigh GCB DL 2002

Sir Hayden Phillips GCB 2002

Sir David Omand GCB 2004

Admiral The Lord West of Spithead GCB DSC PC 2004

General Sir Michael Jackson GCB CBE 2004

Marshal of the Royal Air Force The Lord Stirrup KG GCB AFC 2005

Sir Richard Mottram GCB 2006

The Lord Janvrin GCB GCVO QSO PC 2007

General The Lord Dannatt GCB CBE MC DL 2008

Air Chief Marshal Sir Glenn Torpy GCB CBE DSO 2008

Admiral Sir Jonathon Band GCB DL 2008

Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope GCB OBE 2010

General The Lord Houghton of Richmond GCB CBE ADC Gen 2011

Sir David Normington GCB 2011

General The Lord Richards of Herstmonceux GCB CBE DSO 2011

The Lord O'Donnell GCB 2011

Air Chief Marshal Sir Stephen Dalton GCB 2012

General Sir Peter Wall GCB CBE ADC 2013

The Lord Macpherson of Earl's Court GCB 2015

Admiral Sir George Zambellas GCB DSC ADC DL 2016

Air Chief Marshal Sir Andrew Pulford GCB CBE ADC DL 2016

The Lord Geidt GCB GCVO OBE QSO PC 2018

General Sir Nicholas Carter GCB CBE DSO ADC Gen 2019

Dame Sally Davies GCB DBE FRS FMedSci 2019

Admiral Sir Philip Jones GCB ADC DL 2019

Honorary Knights and Dames Grand Cross

Position Name Post-nominals Year appointed Office when awarded

Head of state Mexico Luis Echeverría GCB 1973 50th President of Mexico

Head of state Oman Sultan Qaboos bin Said al Said GCB GCMG GCVO 1982 Sultan of Oman

Head of state Iceland Vigdís Finnbogadóttir GCB GCMG 1990 4th President of Iceland

Head of state Poland Lech Wałęsa GCB 1991 2nd President of Poland

Head of state Brunei Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah GCB GCMG 1992 Sultan of Brunei

Head of state Poland Aleksander Kwaśniewski GCB GCMG 1996 3rd President of Poland

Head of state Brazil Fernando Henrique Cardoso GCB 1997 34th President of Brazil

Head of state Jordan Abdullah II of Jordan GCB GCMG KCVO 2001 King of Jordan

Head of state South Africa Thabo Mbeki GCB 2001 2nd President of South Africa

Head of state Nigeria Olusegun Obasanjo GCB 2004 12th President of Nigeria

Head of state Germany Horst Köhler GCB 2004 9th President of Germany

Head of state Malta Eddie Fenech Adami GCB 2005 7th President of Malta

Head of state Lithuania Valdas Adamkus GCB 2006 9th President of Lithuania

Head of state Estonia Toomas Hendrik Ilves GCB 2006 4th President of Estonia

Head of state Brazil Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva GCB 2006 35th President of Brazil

Head of state Latvia Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga GCB 2006 6th President of Latvia

Head of state Ghana John Kufuor GCB 2007 2nd President of Ghana

Head of state Turkey Abdullah Gül GCB 2008 11th President of Turkey

Head of state France Nicolas Sarkozy GCB 2008 23rd President of France

Head of state Slovenia Danilo Türk GCB 2008 4th President of Slovenia

Head of state Mexico Felipe Calderón GCB 2009 56th President of Mexico

Head of state South Africa Jacob Zuma GCB 2010 4th President of South Africa

Head of state Qatar Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani GCB GCMG 2010 Emir of Qatar

Head of state United Arab Emirates Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan GCB 2010 2nd President of the United Arab Emirates

Head of state Indonesia Indonesian Presidential Seal gold.svg Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono GCB 2012 6th President of Indonesia

Head of state Kuwait Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah GCB 2012 15th Emir of Kuwait

Head of state South Korea Park Geun-hye GCB 2013 18th President of South Korea

Head of state France François Hollande GCB 2014 24th President of France

Head of state Singapore Tony Tan GCB 2014 7th President of Singapore

Head of state Mexico Enrique Peña Nieto GCB 2015 57th President of Mexico

Head of state Germany Joachim Gauck GCB 2015 11th President of Germany

Head of state Colombia Juan Manuel Santos GCB 2016 32nd President of Colombia

Honorary Knights and Dames Commander

Military rank (if any) Name Post-nominals Year appointed

General United States Colin Powell KCB 1993

END

Part 8 >

Members of the Order of the Bath are assigned positions in the order of precedence.[103] Wives of male members also feature on the order of precedence, as do sons, daughters and daughters-in-law of Knights Grand Cross and Knights Commander; relatives of female members, however, are not assigned any special precedence. Generally, individuals can derive precedence from their fathers or husbands, but not from their mothers or wives. (See order of precedence in England and Wales for the exact positions.)

Knights Grand Cross and Knights Commander prefix "Sir", and Dames Grand Cross and Dames Commander prefix "Dame", to their forenames.[104] Wives of Knights may prefix "Lady" to their surnames, but no equivalent privilege exists for husbands of Dames. Such forms are not used by peers and princes, except when the names of the former are written out in their fullest forms. Furthermore, honorary foreign members and clergymen do not receive the accolade of knighthood, and so are not entitled to the prefix "Sir", unless the former subsequently become Commonwealth citizens.

Knights and Dames Grand Cross use the post-nominal "GCB"; Knights Commander use "KCB"; Dames Commander use "DCB"; Companions use "CB".[105]

Knights and Dames Grand Cross are also entitled to receive heraldic supporters.[106] Furthermore, they may encircle their arms with a depiction of the circlet (a red circle bearing the motto) with the badge pendant thereto and the collar; the former is shown either outside or on top of the latter.

Knights and Dames Commander and Companions may display the circlet, but not the collar, around their arms. The badge is depicted suspended from the collar or circlet. Members of the Military division may encompass the circlet with "two laurel branches issuant from an escrol azure inscribed Ich dien", as appears on the badge. Members of the Order of the Bath and their children are able to be married in Westminster Abbey in London.[107]

Revocation

It is possible for membership in the Order to be revoked. Under the 1725 statutes the grounds for this were heresy, high treason, or fleeing from battle out of cowardice. Knights Companion could in such cases be degraded at the next Chapter meeting. It was then the duty of the Gentleman Usher to "pluck down the escocheon [i.e. stallplate] of such knight and spurn it out of the chapel" with "all the usual marks of infamy".[108]

Only two people were ever degraded – Lord Cochrane in 1813 and General Sir Eyre Coote in 1816, both for political reasons, rather than any of the grounds given in the statute. Lord Cochrane was subsequently reinstated, but Coote died a few years after his degradation.[109]

Under Queen Victoria's 1847 statutes a member "convicted of treason, cowardice, felony, or any infamous crime derogatory to his honour as a knight or gentleman, or accused and does not submit to trial in a reasonable time, shall be degraded from the Order by a special ordinance signed by the sovereign". The Sovereign was to be the sole judge, and also had the power to restore such members.[110]

The situation today is that membership may be cancelled or annulled, and the entry in the register erased, by an ordinance signed by the Sovereign and sealed with the seal of the Order, on the recommendation of the appropriate Minister. Such cancellations may be subsequently reversed.[111]

In 1923 the Italian dictator Benito Mussolini was made an honorary Knight Grand Cross, by King George V. Mussolini was stripped of his GCB in 1940, after he had declared war on the UK.[112]

William Pottinger, a senior civil servant, lost both his status of CB and Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (CVO) in 1975 when he was jailed for corruptly receiving gifts from the architect John Poulson.[113]

Romanian president Nicolae Ceauşescu was stripped of his honorary GCB status by Queen Elizabeth II on 24 December 1989, the day before his execution. Robert Mugabe, the President of Zimbabwe, was stripped of his honorary GCB status by the Queen, on the advice of the Foreign Secretary, David Miliband, on 25 June 2008 "as a mark of revulsion at the abuse of human rights and abject disregard for the democratic process in Zimbabwe over which President Mugabe has presided."

Vicky Pryce, former wife of Chris Huhne, was stripped of her CB by Queen Elizabeth II on 30 July 2013, following her conviction for perverting the course of justice.[114]

See Part 9 >

Part 7 >

Members of the Order wear elaborate costumes on important occasions (such as its quadrennial installation ceremonies and coronations), which vary by rank:

The mantle, worn only by Knights and Dames Grand Cross, is made of crimson satin lined with white taffeta. On the left side is a representation of the star (see below). The mantle is bound with two large tassels.[96]

The hat, worn only by Knights and Dames Grand Cross and Knights and Dames Commander, is made of black velvet; it includes an upright plume of feathers.[97]

The collar, worn only by Knights and Dames Grand Cross, is made of gold and weighs 30 troy ounces (933 g). It consists of depictions of nine imperial crowns and eight sets of flowers (roses for England, thistles for Scotland and shamrocks for Ireland), connected by seventeen silver knots.[96]

On lesser occasions, simpler insignia are used: The star is used only by Knights and Dames Grand Cross and Knights and Dames Commander. Its style varies by rank and division; it is worn pinned to the left breast:

The star for military Knights and Dames Grand Cross consists of a Maltese Cross on top of an eight-pointed silver star; the star for military Knights and Dames Commander is an eight-pointed silver cross pattée. Each bears in the centre three crowns surrounded by a red ring bearing the motto of the Order in gold letters. The circle is flanked by two laurel branches and is above a scroll bearing the words Ich dien (older German for "I serve") in gold letters.[96]

The star for civil Knights and Dames Grand Cross consists of an eight-pointed silver star, without the Maltese cross; the star for civil Knights and Dames Commander is an eight-pointed silver cross pattée. The design of each is the same as the design of the military stars, except that the laurel branches and the words Ich dien are excluded.[96]

The badge varies in design, size and manner of wearing by rank and division. The Knight and Dame Grand Cross' badge is larger than the Knight and Dame Commander's badge, which is in turn larger than the Companion's badge;[98] however, these are all suspended on a crimson ribbon. Knights and Dames Grand Cross wear the badge on a riband or sash, passing from the right shoulder to the left hip.[96] Knights Commander and male Companions wear the badge from a ribbon worn around the neck. Dames Commander and female Companions wear the badge from a bow on the left side:

The military badge is a gold Maltese Cross of eight points, enamelled in white. Each point of the cross is decorated by a small gold ball; each angle has a small figure of a lion. The centre of the cross bears three crowns on the obverse side, and a rose, a thistle and a shamrock, emanating from a sceptre on the reverse side. Both emblems are surrounded by a red circular ring bearing the motto of the Order, which are in turn flanked by two laurel branches, above a scroll bearing the words Ich dien in gold letters.[96]

The civil badge is a plain gold oval, bearing three crowns on the obverse side, and a rose, a thistle and a shamrock, emanating from a sceptre on the reverse side; both emblems are surrounded by a ring bearing the motto of the Order.[96]

On certain "collar days" designated by the Sovereign, members attending formal events may wear the Order's collar over their military uniform or eveningwear. When collars are worn (either on collar days or on formal occasions such as coronations), the badge is suspended from the collar.[96]

The collars and badges of Knights and Dames Grand Cross are returned to the Central Chancery of the Orders of Knighthood upon the decease of their owners. All other insignia may be retained by their owners.[96]

Star, Knight Grand Cross Military Division

Neck badge, awarded to Cecil Fane de Salis (1859-1948) in 1935

Star, awarded to Cecil Fane de Salis

Star and neck Badge awarded to Sir Charles Taylor du Plat

Medal Ribbon of the Order of the Bath

Chapel

Westminster Abbey with a procession of Knights of the Bath, by Canaletto, 1749

The Chapel of the Order is the Henry VII Lady Chapel in Westminster Abbey.[99] Every four years, an installation ceremony, presided over by the Great Master, and a religious service are held in the Chapel; the Sovereign attends every alternate ceremony. The last such service was Thursday, 24 May 2018, in the Order's 293rd year, and was presided over by the Prince of Wales[100] The Sovereign and each knight who has been installed is allotted a stall in the choir of the chapel.

As there are a limited number of stalls in the Chapel, only the most senior Knights and Dames Grand Cross are installed. A stall made vacant by the death of a military Knight Grand Cross is offered to the next most senior uninstalled military GCB, and similarly for vacancies among civil GCBs.[99] Waits between admission to the Order and installation may be very long; for instance, Marshal of the Air Force Lord Craig of Radley was created a Knight Grand Cross in 1984, but was not installed until 2006.[21]

Above each stall, the occupant's heraldic devices are displayed. Perched on the pinnacle of a knight's stall is his helm, decorated with a mantling and topped by his crest. Under English heraldic law, women other than monarchs do not bear helms or crests; instead, the coronet appropriate to the dame's rank (if she is a peer or member of the Royal family) is used.[99]

Above the crest or coronet, the knight's or dame's heraldic banner is hung, emblazoned with his or her coat of arms. At a considerably smaller scale, to the back of the stall is affixed a piece of brass (a "stall plate") displaying its occupant's name, arms and date of admission into the Order.

Upon the death of a Knight, the banner, helm, mantling and crest (or coronet or crown) are taken down. The stall plates, however, are not removed; rather, they remain permanently affixed somewhere about the stall, so that the stalls of the chapel are festooned with a colourful record of the Order's Knights (and now Dames) throughout history.

When the grade of Knight Commander was established in 1815 the regulations specified that they too should have a banner and stall plate affixed in the chapel.[12] This was never implemented (despite some of the KCBs paying the appropriate fees) primarily due to lack of space,[101] although the 1847 statutes allow all three classes to request the erection of a plate in the chapel bearing the member's name, date of nomination, and (for the two higher classes) optionally the coat of arms.[102]

Precedence and privileges

Coat of arms of the Marquess of Carisbrooke (1886–1960) with the circlet and collar as Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath

Coat of arms of the Air Chief Marshal Sir Peter Squire, Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath

See Part 8 >

Part 6 >

Women were admitted to the Order in 1971.[21] In the 1971 New Year Honours, Jean Nunn became the first woman admitted to the order.[55] In 1975, Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester, an aunt of Elizabeth II, became the first woman to reach the highest rank, Dame Grand Cross.[21] Princess Alice (née Douglas-Montagu-Scott) was a direct descendant of the Order's first Great Master,[56] and her husband, who had died the previous year, had also held that office. The second Dame Grand Cross, Sally Davies, was appointed in the 2020 New Year Honours.

Composition

Sovereign

The British Sovereign is the Sovereign of the Order of the Bath. As with all honours except those in the Sovereign's personal gift,[57] the Sovereign makes all appointments to the Order on the advice of the Government.

Great Master

Prince Albert, the Prince Consort, Great Master 1843–1861. During the nineteenth century, Knights Grand Cross wore their mantles over imitations of seventeenth-century dress. They now wear them over contemporary attire.

The next-most senior member of the Order is the Great Master, of which there have been nine:

1725–1749: John Montagu, 2nd Duke of Montagu[58][59]
1749–1767: (Vacant)
1767–1827: Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany
1827–1830: Prince William, Duke of Clarence and St Andrews (later King William IV)
1830–1837: (Vacant)
1837–1843: Prince Augustus Frederick, Duke of Sussex[60][61]
1843–1861: Albert, Prince Consort[62][63]
1861–1897: (Vacant)
1897–1901: Albert Edward, Prince of Wales (later King Edward VII)[64]
1901–1942: Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn[65]
1942–1974: Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester[66]
1974–present: Charles, Prince of Wales.[9]

Originally a Prince of the Blood Royal, as the Principal Knight Companion, ranked next after the sovereign.[67] This position was joined to that of the Great Master in the statutes of 1847.[68] The Great Master and Principal Knight is now either a descendant of George I or "some other exalted personage"; the holder of the office has custody of the seal of the order and is responsible for enforcing the statutes.[11]

Members

Sash and star of Grand Cross, civil division

The statutes also provide for the following:[21]

120 Knights or Dames Grand Cross (GCB) (of whom the Great Master is the First and Principal)
355 Knights Commander (KCB) or Dames Commander (DCB)
1,925 Companions (CB)

Regular membership is limited to citizens of the United Kingdom and of other Commonwealth countries of which the Queen is Sovereign. Appointees are usually officers of the armed forces or senior civil servants, such as permanent secretaries.[13]

Warrant appointing Italian Captain (later Admiral) Ernesto Burzagli as an honorary Companion of the Order

Members appointed to the Civil Division must "by their personal services to [the] crown or by the performance of public duties have merited ... royal favour."[69] Appointments to the Military Division are restricted by the minimum rank of the individual. GCBs hold the rank of admiral in the Royal Navy, general in the British Army or Royal Marines, or air chief marshal in the Royal Air Force.[15] KCBs must at least hold the rank of vice admiral, lieutenant general in the Army or Marines, or air marshal.[70] CBs tend be of the rank of rear admiral, major general in the Army, Royal Navy or Royal Marines, or air vice marshal in the Royal Air Force, and in addition must have been Mentioned in Despatches for distinction in a command position in a combat situation, although the latter is no longer a requirement. Non-line officers (e.g. engineers, medics) may be appointed only for meritorious service in wartime.[71]

Admiral Sir George Zambellas KCB (military division)

Commonwealth citizens not subjects of the Queen and foreigners may be made Honorary Members.[72] Queen Elizabeth II has established the custom of awarding an honorary GCB to visiting (republican) heads of state, for example Gustav Heinemann and Josip Broz Tito (in 1972),[73] Ronald Reagan (in 1989), Lech Wałęsa (in 1991),[21] Censu Tabone (in 1992), Fernando Henrique Cardoso, George H. W. Bush (in 1993),[74] Nicolas Sarkozy (in 2008),[75] and Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (in 2012), as well as Turkish President Abdullah Gül,[76] Slovenian President Danilo Türk,[77] Mexican President Felipe Calderón, and South African President Jacob Zuma[78] (Royal Heads of State are instead usually made Stranger Companions of the Order of the Garter). Foreign generals are also often given honorary appointments to the Order, for example: Marshal Ferdinand Foch and Marshal Joseph Joffre during the First World War; Marshal Georgy Zhukov,[79] King Abdul-Aziz of Saudi Arabia, General Dwight D. Eisenhower and General Douglas MacArthur during the Second World War;[80] and General Norman Schwarzkopf and General Colin Powell after the Gulf War.[81][82] A more controversial member of the Order was Robert Mugabe, whose honour was stripped by the Queen, on the advice of the Foreign Secretary, David Miliband, on 25 June 2008 "as a mark of revulsion at the abuse of human rights and abject disregard for the democratic process in Zimbabwe over which President Mugabe has presided."[83]

Honorary members do not count towards the numerical limits in each class.[84] In addition the statutes allow the Sovereign to exceed the limits in time of war or other exceptional circumstances.[85]

Officers

The Order of the Bath now has six officers:[86]

Dean: Dean of Westminster (ex officio), Very Rev. John Hall,
King of Arms: Air Chief Marshal Sir Stephen Dalton GCB[87]
Registrar and Secretary: Rear Admiral Iain Henderson CB CBE[88][89]
Deputy Secretary: Alexander Matheson of Matheson, yr.
Genealogist: Thomas Woodcock CVO
Gentleman Usher of the Scarlet Rod: Major General James Gordon CB CBE[90]

The office of Dean is held by the Dean of Westminster. The King of Arms, responsible for heraldry, is known as Bath King of Arms; he is not, however, a member of the College of Arms, like many heralds. The Order's Usher is known as the Gentleman Usher of the Scarlet Rod; he does not, unlike his Order of the Garter equivalent (the Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod) perform any duties in the House of Lords.

There were originally seven officers, each of whom was to receive fees from the Knights Companion both on appointment and annually thereafter. The office of Messenger was abolished in 1859.[48] The office of Genealogist was abolished at the same time, but revived in 1913.[91] The offices of Registrar and Secretary were formally merged in 1859, although the two positions had been held concurrently for the previous century.[92] An Officer of Arms and a Secretary for the Knights Commander and Companions were established in 1815,[12] but abolished in 1847.[93] The office of Deputy Secretary was created in 1925.

Under the Hanoverian kings certain of the officers also held heraldic office. The office of Blanc Coursier Herald of Arms was attached to that of the Genealogist, Brunswick Herald of Arms to the Gentleman Usher, and Bath King of Arms was also made Gloucester King of Arms with heraldic jurisdiction over Wales.[94] This was the result of a move by Anstis to give the holders of these sinecures greater security; the offices of the Order of the Bath were held at the pleasure of the Great Master, while appointments to the heraldic offices were made by the King under the Great Seal and were for life.[95]

Habit and insignia

An embroidered representation, or "chaton", of the star of the civil division of the Order

The insignia of a Knight Grand Cross of the civil division of the order

Mantle of the Order

The insignia of a Knight Grand Cross of the military division of the order

Star and neck badge of a Knight Commander of the civil division of the order

See Part 7 >

Part 5 >

The use of honours in the early eighteenth century differed considerably from the modern honours system in which hundreds, if not thousands, of people each year receive honours on the basis of deserving accomplishments. The only honours available at that time were hereditary (not life) peerages and baronetcies, knighthoods and the Order of the Garter (or the Order of the Thistle for Scots), none of which were awarded in large numbers (the Garter and the Thistle are limited to 24 and 16 living members respectively.) The political environment was also significantly different from today:

The Sovereign still exercised a power to be reckoned with in the eighteenth century. The Court remained the centre of the political world. The King was limited in that he had to choose Ministers who could command a majority in Parliament, but the choice remained his. The leader of an administration still had to command the King's personal confidence and approval. A strong following in Parliament depended on being able to supply places, pensions, and other marks of Royal favour to the government's supporters.[28]

The attraction of the new Order for Walpole was that it would provide a source of such favours to strengthen his political position. He made sure that most of the 36 new honorees were peers and MPs who would provide him with useful connections.[29][30] George I having agreed to Walpole's proposal, Anstis was commissioned to draft statutes for the Order of the Bath. As noted above, he adopted the motto and badge used by the Knights of the Bath, as well as the colour of the riband and mantle, and the ceremony for creating a knight. The rest of the statutes were mostly based on those of the Order of the Garter, of which he was an officer (as Garter King of Arms).[31] The Order was founded by letters patent under the Great Seal dated 18 May 1725, and the statutes issued the following week.[32][33]

The Order initially consisted of the Sovereign, a Prince of the blood Royal as Principal Knight, a Great Master and thirty-five Knights Companion.[34] Seven officers (see below) were attached to the Order. These provided yet another opportunity for political patronage, as they were to be sinecures at the disposal of the Great Master, supported by fees from the knights. Despite the fact that the Bath was represented as a military Order, only a few military officers were among the initial appointments (see List of Knights Companion of the Order of the Bath). They may be broken down into categories as follows (note that some are classified in more than one category):[35]

Members of the House of Commons: 14
The Royal Household or sinecures: 11
Diplomats: 4
The Walpole family, including the Prime Minister: 3
Naval and Army Officers: 3
Irish Peers: 2
Country gentlemen with Court Appointments: 2

Admiral Lord Rodney (appointed a Knight Companion in 1780) wearing the riband and star of the Order

Sir Alexander Milne (1808–1896) was concurrently KCB (civil division) and GCB (military division); he is pictured wearing both sets of insignia.

Admiral of the Fleet Sir George Callaghan wearing the insignia of a military Companion of the Order

The majority of the new Knights Companions were knighted by the King and invested with their ribands and badges on 27 May 1725.[36] Although the statutes set out the full medieval ceremony which was to be used for creating knights, this was not performed, and indeed was possibly never intended to be, as the original statutes contained a provision[37] allowing the Great Master to dispense Knights Companion from these requirements. The original knights were dispensed from all the medieval ceremonies with the exception of the Installation, which was performed in the Order's Chapel, the Henry VII Chapel in Westminster Abbey, on 17 June. This precedent was followed until 1812, after which the Installation was also dispensed with, until its revival in the twentieth century.[38] The ceremonies however remained part of the Statutes until 1847.[39]

Although the initial appointments to the Order were largely political, from the 1770s appointments to the Order were increasingly made for naval, military or diplomatic achievements. This is partly due to the conflicts Britain was engaged in over this period.[21][40] The Peninsular War resulted in so many deserving candidates for the Bath that a statute was issued allowing the appointment of Extra Knights in time of war, who were to be additional to the numerical limits imposed by the statutes, and whose number was not subject to any restrictions.[41] Another statute, this one issued some 80 years earlier, had also added a military note to the Order. Each knight was required, under certain circumstances, to supply and support four men-at-arms for a period not exceeding 42 days in any year, to serve in any part of Great Britain.[42] This company was to be captained by the Great Master, who had to supply four trumpeters, and was also to appoint eight officers for this body. However, the statute was never invoked.[36]

Restructuring in 1815

In January 1815, after the end of the Peninsular War, the Prince Regent (later George IV) expanded the Order of the Bath "to the end that those Officers who have had the opportunities of signalising themselves by eminent services during the late war may share in the honours of the said Order, and that their names may be delivered down to remote posterity, accompanied by the marks of distinction which they have so nobly earned."[12]

The Order was now to consist of three classes: Knights Grand Cross, Knights Commander, and Companions. The existing Knights Companion (of which there were 60)[43] became Knight Grand Cross; this class was limited to 72 members, of which twelve could be appointed for civil or diplomatic services. The military members had to be of the rank of at least Major-General or Rear Admiral. The Knights Commander were limited to 180, exclusive of foreign nationals holding British commissions, up to ten of whom could be appointed as honorary Knights Commander. They had to be of the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel or Post-Captain. The number of Companions was not specified, but they had to have received a medal or been mentioned in despatches since the start of the war in 1803. A list of about 500 names was subsequently published.[44] Two further officers were appointed, an "Officer of arms attendant on the Knights Commanders and Companions", and a "Secretary appertaining to the Knights Commanders and Companions"[12] The large increase in numbers caused some complaints that such an expansion would reduce the prestige of the Order.[13]

The Victorian era

In 1847, Queen Victoria issued new statutes eliminating all references to an exclusively military Order. As well as removing the word 'Military' from the full name of the Order, this opened up the grades of Knight Commander and Companion to civil appointments, and the Military and Civil Divisions of the Order were established. New numerical limits were imposed, and the opportunity also taken to regularise the 1815 expansion of the Order.[45][46] The 1847 statutes also abolished all the medieval ritual, but they did introduce a formal Investiture ceremony, conducted by the Sovereign wearing the Mantle and insignia of the Order, attended by the Officers and as many GCBs as possible, in their Mantles.[47]

In 1859 a further edition of the Statutes was issued; the changes related mainly to the costs associated with the Order. Prior to this date it had been the policy that the insignia (which were provided by the Crown) were to be returned on the death of the holder; the exception had been foreigners who had been awarded honorary membership. In addition foreigners had usually been provided with stars made of silver and diamonds, whereas ordinary members had only embroidered stars. The decision was made to award silver stars to all members, and only require the return of the Collar. The Crown had also been paying the fees due to the officers of the Order for members who had been appointed for the services in the recent war. The fees were abolished and replaced with a salary of approximately the same average value. The offices of Genealogist and Messenger were abolished, and those of Registrar and Secretary combined.[48]

The 20th century

Air Chief Marshal Sir Richard Johns in his dress uniform, wearing the star, ribbon, and badge of a military Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath.

In 1910, after his accession to the throne, George V ordered the revival of the Installation ceremony,[21] perhaps prompted by the first Installation ceremony of the more junior Order of St Michael and St George, held a few years earlier,[49] and the building of a new chapel for the Order of the Thistle in 1911.[50] The Installation ceremony took place on 22 July 1913 in the Henry VII Chapel,[51][52] and Installations have been held at regular intervals since.

Prior to the 1913 Installation it was necessary to adapt the chapel to accommodate the larger number of members. An appeal was made to the members of the Order, and following the Installation a surplus remained. A Committee was formed from the Officers to administer the 'Bath Chapel Fund', and over time this committee has come to consider other matters than purely financial ones.[53]

Another revision of the statutes of the Order was undertaken in 1925, to consolidate the 41 additional statutes which had been issued since the 1859 revision.[54]

See Part 6 >

Part 4

Order of the Bath

The Most Honourable Order of the Bath

Order of bath star.jpg

Civil Knight Grand Cross Star of The Most Honourable Order of the Bath: "Rays of silver issuing from a centre and charged with three Imperial Crowns, one and two, within a circle gules whereon inscribed the motto of the Order in gold"[1]

Awarded by Sovereign of the United Kingdom

Type Order of chivalry

Established 18 May 1725; 294 years ago

Motto TRIA JUNCTA IN UNO ("three joined in one")

and Ich dien (Military Division)

Awarded for Service, at the monarch's faith

Status Currently constituted

Founder George I of Great Britain

Sovereign Queen Elizabeth II

Great Master Prince Charles

Grades Knight/Dame Grand Cross (GCB)

Knight/Dame Commander (KCB/DCB)

Companion (CB)

Former grades Knight Companion (KB)

Precedence

Next (higher) Order of St Patrick

Next (lower) Order of the Star of India

Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg

Ribbon bar of the Order of the Bath

Coat of arms of the British monarch as sovereign of the Order of the Bath

The Most Honourable Order of the Bath (formerly the Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath)[2] is a British order of chivalry founded by George I on 18 May 1725.[3] The name derives from the elaborate medieval ceremony for appointing a knight, which involved bathing (as a symbol of purification) as one of its elements. The knights so created were known as "Knights of the Bath".[4] George I "erected the Knights of the Bath into a regular Military Order".[5] He did not (as is commonly believed) revive the Order of the Bath,[6] since it had never previously existed as an Order, in the sense of a body of knights who were governed by a set of statutes and whose numbers were replenished when vacancies occurred.[7][8]

The Order consists of the Sovereign (currently Queen Elizabeth II), the Great Master (currently Charles, Prince of Wales,[9] and three Classes of members:[10]

Knight Grand Cross (GCB) or Dame Grand Cross (GCB)
Knight Commander (KCB) or Dame Commander (DCB)
Companion (CB)

Members belong to either the Civil or the Military Division.[11] Prior to 1815, the order had only a single class, Knight Companion (KB), which no longer exists.[12] Recipients of the Order are now usually senior military officers or senior civil servants.[13][14] Commonwealth citizens who are not subjects of the Queen and foreign nationals may be made Honorary Members.[15]

The Order of the Bath is the fourth-most senior of the British Orders of Chivalry, after The Most Noble Order of the Garter, The Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle, and The Most Illustrious Order of St Patrick (dormant).[16]

Contents

1 History
    1.1 Knights of the Bath
    1.2 Foundation of the order
    1.3 Restructuring in 1815
    1.4 The Victorian era
    1.5 The 20th century
2 Composition
    2.1 Sovereign
    2.2 Great Master
    2.3 Members
    2.4 Officers
3 Habit and insignia
4 Chapel
5 Precedence and privileges
6 Revocation
7 Current Knights and Dames Grand Cross
    7.1 Knights and Dames Grand Cross
    7.2 Honorary Knights and Dames Grand Cross
    7.3 Honorary Knights and Dames Commander
8 See also
9 Notes
10 References
11 External links

History

Knights of the Bath

A painting by Edmund Leighton depicting an investiture of a fictional knight receiving the accolade

In the Middle Ages, knighthood was often conferred with elaborate ceremonies. These usually involved the knight-to-be taking a bath (possibly symbolic of spiritual purification)[17] during which he was instructed in the duties of knighthood by more senior knights. He was then put to bed to dry. Clothed in a special robe, he was led with music to the chapel where he spent the night in a vigil. At dawn he made confession and attended Mass, then retired to his bed to sleep until it was fully daylight. He was then brought before the King, who after instructing two senior knights to buckle the spurs to the knight-elect's heels, fastened a belt around his waist, then struck him on the neck (with either a hand or a sword), thus making him a knight.[18] It was this accolade which was the essential act in creating a knight, and a simpler ceremony developed, conferring knighthood merely by striking or touching the knight-to-be on the shoulder with a sword,[19] or "dubbing" him, as is still done today. In the early medieval period the difference seems to have been that the full ceremonies were used for men from more prominent families.[17]

Mildmay Fane, 2nd Earl of Westmorland, KB, with sash, c.1630.

From the coronation of Henry IV in 1399 the full ceremonies were restricted to major royal occasions such as coronations, investitures of the Prince of Wales or Royal dukes, and royal weddings,[20] and the knights so created became known as Knights of the Bath.[17] Knights Bachelor continued to be created with the simpler form of ceremony. The last occasion on which Knights of the Bath were created was the coronation of Charles II in 1661.[21]

From at least 1625,[22] and possibly from the reign of James I, Knights of the Bath were using the motto Tria juncta in uno (Latin for "Three joined in one"), and wearing as a badge three crowns within a plain gold oval.[23] These were both subsequently adopted by the Order of the Bath; a similar design of badge is still worn by members of the Civil Division. Their symbolism however is not entirely clear. The 'three joined in one' may be a reference to the kingdoms of England, Scotland and either France or Ireland, which were held (or claimed in the case of France) by English and, later, British monarchs. This would correspond to the three crowns in the badge.[24] Another explanation of the motto is that it refers to the Holy Trinity.[13] Nicolas quotes a source (although he is sceptical of it) who claims that prior to James I the motto was Tria numina juncta in uno (three powers/gods joined in one), but from the reign of James I the word numina was dropped and the motto understood to mean Tria [regna] juncta in uno (three kingdoms joined in one).[25]

Foundation of the order

The prime mover in the establishment of the Order of the Bath was John Anstis, Garter King of Arms, England's highest heraldic officer. Sir Anthony Wagner, a recent holder of the office of Garter, wrote of Anstis's motivations:

It was Martin Leake's[26] opinion that the trouble and opposition Anstis met with in establishing himself as Garter so embittered him against the heralds that when at last in 1718 he succeeded, he made it his prime object to aggrandise himself and his office at their expense. It is clear at least that he set out to make himself indispensable to the Earl Marshal, which was not hard, their political principles being congruous and their friendship already established, but also to Sir Robert Walpole and the Whig ministry, which can by no means have been easy, considering his known attachment to the Pretender and the circumstances under which he came into office ... The main object of Anstis's next move, the revival or institution of the Order of the Bath was probably that which it in fact secured, of ingratiating him with the all-powerful Prime Minister Sir Robert Walpole.[27]

Sir Robert Walpole, the first Prime Minister, who used the Order of the Bath as a source of political patronage

See Part 5 >

https://files.catbox.moe/m5nxpv.png :

Royal family caught up in Nazi row | Media | The Guardian

This has been an automated message.

Part 3 >

It seems that Moira is related with Tekmor (proof, ordinance) and with Ananke (destiny, necessity), who were primeval goddesses in mythical cosmogonies.

Clotho (/?klo??o?/, Greek ????? [kl???t???] – "spinner") spun the thread of life from her Distaff onto her Spindle. Her Roman equivalent was Nona, (the 'Ninth'), who was originally a goddess called upon in the ninth month of pregnancy.

Lachesis (/?læk?s?s/, Greek ??????? [?lak?esis] – "allotter" or drawer of lots) measured the thread of life allotted to each person with her measuring rod. Her Roman equivalent was Decima (the 'Tenth').

Atropos (/?ætr?p?s/, Greek ??????? [?atropos] – "inexorable" or "inevitable", literally "unturning",[16] sometimes called Aisa) was the cutter of the thread of life. She chose the manner of each person's death; and when their time was come, she cut their life-thread with "her abhorred shears".[17] Her Roman equivalent was Morta ('Dead One').

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cather...s_of_Cambridge

Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge (Catherine Elizabeth "Kate"; née Middleton; born 9 January 1982[2]) is the wife of Prince William, Duke of Cambridge.

In November 2006, Middleton accepted a position as an accessory buyer with the clothing chain Jigsaw,[38]

Prince William is Dionysus the spirit of theater, ritual madness, and grape or blood harvest. Grapes and wine are often used as a metaphor by the occult for blood. The Catholic Church and Anglican Church drinks wine and eats bread chips to symbolize the blood and flesh of "Christ" known as the Eucharist. The occult script lives like a theater through the dream world and this is sometimes where Deja Vu comes from. Deja Vu is often a recollection from a dream but not always. Prince William like William Shakespeare who was a theatrical poet and wizard. They are scripting most of the media and creating allegorical stories as a cover for real events.

Ritual madness refers to Satanic Ritual Abuse which is used for programming minds and this programming and SRA mostly occurs in the dream realm. Illuminati bloodlines ritually abuse their own children to program them before they get fully initiated. Secret Societies in local towns telepathically and ritually abuse people to destroy their life or to program them for initiations. The term Monarch Mind Control refers to the Vatican and its Monarchies using secret societies to mind control populations. Monarch also refers to the butterfly and transformation or metamorphosis. Pysche in Greek is connected to the butterfly. They are all victims until they sell out or give in and become the victimizers.

Dionysus is also a left side Venusian spirit and his mother Princess Diana was Rhodos who is considered a daughter of Aphrodite. Princess Diana was from the Spencer family and they use the sea shell on their coat of arms which is a symbol for Venus. Rhodes is also a last name used in London like Cecil Rhodes. Diana's brother Charles Spencer is an author, print journalist, and broadcaster and went to Oxford which is associated with the Rhodes Scholarship. A branch of the Venusian plane also inverts gender roles where women are more masculine and men are more feminine like some of the Erotes. Dionysus is by some accounts considered feminine.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionysus

Dionysus (/da?.??na?s?s/; Greek: ????????, Dionysos) is the god of the grape harvest, winemaking and wine, of ritual madness, fertility,[2][3] theatre and religious ecstasy in ancient Greek religion and myth. Wine played an important role in Greek culture, and the cult of Dionysus was the main religious focus for its unrestrained consumption.[4]

Later images show him as a beardless, sensuous, naked or half-naked androgynous youth: the literature describes him as womanly or "man-womanish".[13]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eucharist

The Eucharist /?ju?k?r?st/ (also called Holy Communion, the Lord's Supper, and other names) is a Christian rite that is considered a sacrament in most churches. According to the New Testament, It was instituted by Jesus Christ during his Last Supper. Giving his disciples bread and wine during the Passover meal, Jesus commanded his followers to "do this in memory of Me" while referring to the bread as "My Body" and the wine as "My Blood".[1][2]

In most parishes of the Anglican Communion, the Eucharist is celebrated every Sunday, having replaced Morning Prayer as the principal service. The rites for the Eucharist are found in the various prayer books of the Anglican churches. Wine and unleavened wafers or leavened bread is used.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satanic_ritual_abuse

Satanic ritual abuse (SRA, sometimes known as ritual abuse, ritualistic abuse, organised abuse, sadistic ritual abuse, and other variants) was the subject of a moral panic that originated in the United States in the 1980s, spreading throughout the country and eventually to many parts of the world by the late 1990s. Allegations of SRA involved reports of physical and sexual abuse of people in the context of occult or Satanic rituals. In its most extreme form, SRA involves a worldwide organisation including the wealthy and powerful of the world elite in which children are abducted or bred for sacrifices, pornography and prostitution.

http://www.faithfamilyamerica.com/pr..._homosexuality

Prince William recently appeared on the cover of the UK's most popular gay magazine, Attitude. He made supportive statements toward the gay lifestyle and especially towards homosexual youths, reports Life Site News.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodos

In Greek mythology, Rhodos/ Rhodus (Ancient Greek: ?????) or Rhode (Ancient Greek: ????), was the goddess and personification of the island of Rhodes

Various parents were given for Rhodos. Pindar makes her a daughter of Aphrodite with no father mentioned,[3]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charle...h_Earl_Spencer

Charles Edward Maurice Spencer, 9th Earl Spencer, DL (born 20 May 1964), styled Viscount Althorp between 1975 and 1992, is the younger brother of Diana, Princess of Wales. He is also a British peer, author, print journalist, and broadcaster.

He was educated at Eton and Magdalen College, Oxford, where he read Modern History.[3][4]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodes_Scholarship

The Rhodes Scholarship, named for the British mining magnate and South African politician Cecil John Rhodes, is an international postgraduate award for students to study at the University of OXFORD.[1]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spencer_family

The Spencer family is one of Britain's preeminent aristocratic families. Over time, several family members have been made knights, baronets, and peers. Hereditary titles held by the Spencers include the dukedom of Marlborough, the earldoms of Sunderland and Spencer, and the Churchill viscountcy. Two prominent members of the family during the 20th century were Sir Winston Churchill and Diana, Princess of Wales.

In 1815, Francis Spencer, the younger son of George Spencer, 4th Duke of Marlborough, was created Baron Churchill, of Wychwood in the County of OXFORD, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.

END

Part 2 >

Clarence House was last night forced into a major damage limitation exercise after Prince Harry was pictured in Nazi uniform at a fancy dress party.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_VIII

Edward VIII (Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David; 23 June 1894 – 28 May 1972) was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Empire

In October 1937, the Duke and Duchess visited Germany, against the advice of the British government, and met Adolf Hitler at his Obersalzberg retreat. The visit was much publicised by the German media. During the visit the Duke gave full NAZI salutes.

Prince Charles is Charon the spirit of hell and torment in the Greek Myth and also an incarnation of Vlad the Impaler or Vlad Dracul and that is why he owns Vlad's former castle in Transylvania. Vlad Dracul was known for being extremely sadistic. Charles and Charon like charred or burnt. Prince Charles is the spirit of a Red Dragon which is the symbol for the City of London Corporation. The Dracul Clan of Transylvania were members of the Order of the Dragon. The Bathory family were a Transylvanian nobility related to the Dracul family and the "Blood Countess" Elizabeth Bathory was a serial killer that bathed in blood of hundreds of women. That is the real meaning of the House of Windsor's Order of the Bath and Elizabeth Bathory is where Queen Elizabeth takes her name from. Prince Charles who is the spirit of hell has control over the Hells Angels motorcycle club and crime syndicate.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charon_(mythology)

In Greek mythology, Charon or Kharon (/?k??r?n/ or /?k??r?n/; Greek ?????) is the ferryman of Hades

The name Charon is most often explained as a proper noun from ????? (charon), a poetic form of ??????? (charopós), “of keen gaze”, referring either to fierce, flashing, or feverish eyes, or to eyes of a bluish-gray color.

"Haros" is the modern Greek equivalent of Charon, and usage includes the curse "you will be EATEN (i.e., taken) by Haros", or "I was in the teeth of Haros"

https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/char

Definition of char

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ananke_(mythology)

In ancient Greek religion, Ananke (/??næ?ki?/), also spelled Anangke, Anance, or Anagke (Greek: ??????, from the common noun ??????, "force, constraint, necessity"), is a personification of inevitability, compulsion and necessity.

She was seen as the most powerful dictator of all fate and circumstance which meant that mortals, as well as the Gods, respected her and paid homage.

http://www.latimes.com/travel/la-tr-...816-story.html

Prince Charles noted that as a descendant of Vlad the Impaler, the inspiration for Dracula, "I have a bit of a stake in the country."

"It's in my blood," he said.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlad_the_Impaler

Vlad III, known as Vlad the Impaler (Romanian: Vlad ?epe?; pronounced [?vlad ?t?sepe?]) or Vlad Dracula (1428/1431–1476/77), was voivode (or prince) of Wallachia three times between 1448 and his death. He was the second son of Vlad Dracul, who became the ruler of Wallachia in 1436.

His name had its origin in the Romanian sobriquet of his father, Vlad Dracul ("Vlad the Dragon"), who received it after he became a member of the Order of the Dragon.[4][5] Dracula is the Slavonic genitive form of Dracul, meaning "the son of Dracul (or the Dragon)".[5][6] In modern Romanian, dracul means "devil", which contributed to Vlad's bad reputation.[6]

[Vlad] had a big copper cauldron built and put a lid made of wood with holes in it on top. He put the people in the cauldron and put their heads in the holes and fastened them there; then he filled it with water and set a FIRE under it and let the people cry their eyes out until they were boiled to death. And then he invented frightening, terrible, unheard of TORTURES. He ordered that women be impaled together with their suckling babies on the same stake. The babies fought for their lives at their mother's breasts until they died. Then he had the women's breasts cut off and put the babies inside headfirst; thus he had them impaled together.

—?About a mischievous tyrant called Dracula vod? (No. 12-13.)[147]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_B%C3%A1thory

Countess Elizabeth Báthory de Ecsed (Hungarian: Báthory Erzsébet, Romanian: Elisabeta Bathory, Slovak: Alžbeta Bátoriová ; 7 August 1560 – 21 August 1614)[2] was a serial killer from the Báthory family of nobility in the Kingdom of Hungary. She has been labelled by Guinness World Records as the most prolific female murderer,[3]

Stories which ascribe to her vampire-like tendencies (most famously the tale that she BATHED in the blood of virgins to retain her youth)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_the_Bath

The Most Honourable Order of the Bath (formerly the Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath)[1] is a British order of chivalry founded by George I on 18 May 1725.[2] The name derives from the elaborate medieval ceremony for appointing a knight, which involved bathing (as a symbol of purification) as one of its elements.

The Order consists of the Sovereign (currently Queen Elizabeth II), the Great Master (currently The Prince of Wales),[8] and three Classes of members:[9]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hells_Angels

The Hells Angels Motorcycle Club (HAMC) is a worldwide one-percenter motorcycle club whose members typically ride Harley-Davidson motorcycles. The organization is "predominantly white male"[5] and is considered an organized crime syndicate by the United States Department of Justice.[6][7][8][9]

Queen Elizabeth II is Ananke the spirit of unnatural constraint or opposition to nature and she is also known as the "dictator of fate." She is using her authority to impose her abominable spirit onto society through her control over the secret societies. Queen Elizabeth II dictates demonic energies into society like cannibalism and pedophilia. She is also using her power and wealth to radiate sorcery to deny the nature of reality and to deny facts. She is even denying that she is Ananke while she uses her authority over the secret societies to constrain nature and to dictate her preferred interpretation. Ananke herself does not constrain nature as much as her commandments dictate others like Echidna to do so. Ananke is an elder spirit of Uranus.

The House of Windsor are one of the most powerful bloodlines in society. They have a great deal of authority in the United States. The United States is a federal corporation defined under US code 3002 section 15 and was restructured during the Revolutionary War from the Virginia Company and into the United States. The Virginia Company was issued by the British Crown for North American settlements from the City of London Corporation. Many prestigious universities like Yale and Harvard were also issued or authorized by the British Crown through their colonial charters. The House of Windsor control many Freemasonic Lodges and also fraternities like the Skull and Bones which is connected to Yale.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ananke_(mythology)

In ancient Greek religion, Ananke (/??næ?ki?/), also spelled Anangke, Anance, or Anagke (Greek: ??????, from the common noun ??????, "force, constraint, necessity"), is a personification of inevitability, compulsion and necessity.

She was seen as the most powerful dictator of all fate and circumstance which meant that mortals, as well as the Gods, respected her and paid homage

In Ancient Greek literature the word is also used meaning "fate" or "destiny" (?????? ????????, "fate by the daemons or by the gods"), and by extension "compulsion or torture by a superior."[8]

"Even the gods don’t fight against ananke".[9]

The pre-modern is carried over and translated (by reduction) into a more modern philosophical sense as "necessity", "logical necessity"[10] or "laws of nature".[11]

In Orphic mythology, she is a self-formed being who emerged at the dawn of creation with an incorporeal, serpentine form, her outstretched arms encompassing the cosmos.

Kate Middleton (Atropos) Pippa Middleton (Clotho) and Kate Rotshchild (Lachesis) are the three Moirai or three Fates who serve Queen Elizabeth II who is Ananke the "Dictator of Fate." Carole Middelton is Tekmor the spirit of proof that likes to deny my word and demand more proof. Kate and Pippa are Goldsmiths by blood and Kate Rothschild married and divorced Ben Goldsmith. The Moirai are involved in meddling in the lives of others and are associated with clothing, shears, and a spindle. These English Duchesses are all involved with fashion. They think that they can dictate a persons spiritual identity, dictate their placement in the temporal realm, dictate their happiness, dictate their time and cause of death, as well as other things. The true meaning of satanic is meddling and is specifically psychic meddling. The concept of fate is supposed to be determined by a person's own personal will. When horrible and unspeakable things happens to a person these girls and others like them like to sadistically respond with "That's just your fate"

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moirai

In Greek mythology, the Moirai or Moerae /?m?r?i?/ or /?mi??ri?/ (Ancient Greek: ??????, "apportioners"), often known in English as the Fates (Latin: Fatae), were the white-robed incarnations of destiny; their Roman equivalent was the Parcae (euphemistically the "sparing ones"). Their number became fixed at three: Clotho (spinner), Lachesis (allotter) and Atropos (unturnable).

See Part 3 >