A recent publication indicates how using Tet2 to catalyze the oxidation of 5hmC provides a promising potential as an epigenetic regulator of aging.

Tet2 Rescues Age-Related Regenerative Decline and Enhances Cognitive Function in the Adult Mouse Brain

Cell Reports Volume 22, Issue 8, 20 February 2018, Pages 1974-1981

Geraldine Gontier; Manasi Iyer, Jeremy M. Shea , Gregor Bieri, Miguel Ramalho-Santos,

Elizabeth G. Wheatley

Saul A.Villed

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211124718301566#undfig1

Graphic

In simple terms:

The extracts (Tet2) from glands (hippocampus) using young blood transfusions (heterochronic parabiosis) helps cure aging (rejuvenation of adult neurogenesis).

Have they been using techniques, like electroshock, to induce the production of specific 'extracts'? do some genetic disorder lead to the production of more 'extracts'?

http://archive.is/TBeoT

Summary Restoring adult stem cell function provides an exciting approach for rejuvenating the aging brain. However, molecular mechanisms mediating neurogenic rejuvenation remain elusive. Here we report that the enzyme ten eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (Tet2), which catalyzes the production of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), rescues age-related decline in adult neurogenesis and enhances cognition in mice. We detected a decrease in Tet2 expression and 5hmC levels in the aged hippocampus associated with adult neurogenesis. Mimicking an aged condition in young adults by abrogating Tet2 expression within the hippocampal neurogenic niche, or adult neural stem cells, decreased neurogenesis and impaired learning and memory. In a heterochronic parabiosis rejuvenation model, hippocampal Tet2 expression was restored. Overexpressing Tet2 in the hippocampal neurogenic niche of mature adults increased 5hmC associated with neurogenic processes, offset the precipitous age-related decline in neurogenesis, and enhanced learning and memory. Our data identify Tet2 as a key molecular mediator of neurogenic rejuvenation.

E.G.W. and S.A.V. performed parabiosis studies.

Interventions to restore appropriate immune function in the elderly

Immunity & Ageing201815:5

Transfus Med Hemother 2018;45:67-71

https://doi.org/10.1159/000481828

https://immunityageing.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12979-017-0111-6

http://archive.is/T01lD

Abstract:

Advanced age is one indicator of likely immune dysfunction. As worldwide, the global population contains progressively more and more older individuals there is likelihood of an increased prevalence and incidence of infectious diseases due to common and emergent pathogens. The resultant increase in mortality and morbidity would be matched by the risk of functional decline and disability. Maintaining immune function at a plateau throughout life may therefore be associated with considerable cost savings. The aim of improving immune function in older individuals may be achieved through considering a therapeutic approach to rejuvenate, stimulate or support the indigenous immune system to perform in a more optimal manner. In terms of cost effectiveness a therapeutic approach may prove difficult because of issues associated with; identifying those who would benefit the most from this treatment, identifying the type of treatment which would suit them and identifying whether the treatment was successful. The alternative of supporting or providing a stronger stimulus through vaccination, whilst more cost effective, may be a more valuable option in the short term. Both approaches will be addressed in this review.

This recent publication does a good job explaining how current science is just beginning to understand that there are extensive complexities in the formation mechanisms and stimulation kinetics driving human immune response.

There is no normal range for immune activity and until we can provide a method for measuring this activity we have firstly no means of determining whether an individual is in need of therapy and secondly what the effect of that rejuvenation therapy may be. The complexity of the problem is also added to by the identification that a successful immune response is not only dependant on producing enough specific antibody of effector T cells. Susceptibility to disease is also reliant on a number of innate immune system barriers, such as the integrity of the skin, the flushing action of tears, saliva or urine, the action of ciliated epithelium and mucous as well as the response from neutrophils, macrophages and natural killer cells.

Other relevant 2018 Papers. https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/481828